Relief Device Calculations: Why They Matter and How DIERS Changed the Game
Relief devices are the last line of defense when pressure builds up in a vessel or pipeline and things start to go sideways. Whether it’s a runaway reaction, a blocked outlet, or fire exposure, you need a way to vent that pressure safely. But sizing these devices isn’t just about plugging numbers into a spreadsheet. It’s about understanding the physics of what’s happening inside the system—and that’s where DIERS comes in. DIERS (Design Institute for Emergency Relief Systems) revolutionized how we think about emergency venting. Before DIERS, most relief systems were sized using vapor-only assumptions. That worked fine for simple systems, but it failed miserably for reactive or foamy ones. DIERS showed that two-phase flow—where gas and liquid vent together—can choke the vent line, reduce flow efficiency, and lead to catastrophic failure if not properly accounted for. So let’s break it down. Why do we care? How do we calculate it? And what does DIERS actually tell us? ...